Antahkarana in the Age of Transformers: Continual Fine-Tuning of Large Language Models via Vedantic Neuromodulatory Mechanisms

Does the Antahkarana — the inner cognitive instrument of Advaita Vedanta — belong to the neuromorphic substrate, or to the computational pattern? Can mechanisms designed for spiking neural networks govern continual fine-tuning of large language models? We present the first translation of the Advaita Vedanta Antahkarana neuromodulatory framework from SpikingJelly spiking neural networks (Swaminathan, 2026a–2026i) to LoRA continual fine-tuning of a large language model (Phi-2, 2.7B parameters, 4-bit NF4 quantisation). Five Antahkarana dimensions — Bhaya (nociceptive loss-spike detection), Vairagya (salience-based adapter protection), Buddhi (S-curve consolidation gate), Karma (second-order plasticity…