HγC N3: Observational Diagnostics of Structured Near-Critical Bands

We develop an observationally oriented reading of near-critical band structure in the HγC framework. Building on the minimal numerical route of HγC N1 and the structured-band interpretation of HγC N2, we ask how different galaxies should be interpreted once the preferred near-critical regime is understood not as a single universal point but as a finite band with internal organization. Rather than treating residual scatter around a common RAR-like mean relation as mere noise, we argue that part of this scatter may encode physically meaningful information about band occupancy. Systems can share a common near-critical sector while still differing in where they lie within that sector, how strongly accumulation…