New insights into autophagosome–lysosome fusion

Macroautophagy (autophagy) is a highly conserved intracellular degradation system that is essential for homeostasis in eukaryotic cells. Due to the wide variety of the cytoplasmic targets of autophagy, its dysregulation is associated with many diseases in humans, such as neurodegenerative diseases, heart disease and cancer. During autophagy, cytoplasmic materials are sequestered by the autophagosome - a double-membraned structure - and transported to the lysosome for digestion. The specific stages of autophagy are induction, formation of the isolation membrane (phagophore), formation and maturation of the autophagosome and, finally, fusion with a late endosome or lysosome. Although there are significant…

• JA
  Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development
• KF
  Kishimoto Foundation
• MO
  Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
• JS
  Japan Society for the Promotion of Science